Though no complementary or alternative therapy has yet been proved to arrest tumors or pro-long life, researchers are now studying interventions based on diet, mind-body techniques and even shark-cartilage supplements. The findings will be reported over the coming decade.
Meanwhile, it’s important to remember that “natural” doesn’t always mean safe. Some supplements (for example, high doses of vitamin E and the herbal remedy Ginkgo biloba) have anti-coagulant effects that could cause excessive bleeding in patients undergoing surgery. Soy contains plant estrogens that theoretically could stimulate the growth of breast or endometrial cancer. And some supplements can counteract conventional cancer medications; one recent study found that St. John’s wort (an herbal mood booster) lowered blood levels of a drug used to treat colorectal cancer. And though antioxidants may help limit the adverse effects of radiation and chemotherapy, recent studies suggest they may also sometimes make these treatments less effective. More studies are needed to evaluate the risks and benefits of combining herbs, vitamins and other supplements with conventional treatments.
Mainstream medicine has the most effective weapons for destroying cancer cells, but most patients want more than powerful medicine. They want comfort and solace as well. Besides easing emotional distress, mind-body therapies such as relaxation techniques and guided imagery may help relieve physical symptoms such as pain and insomnia. Several small studies have found that stimulation of a specific acupuncture point near the wrist alleviates the nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy. And preliminary evidence suggests that gentle massage may help improve the arm swelling (lymphedema) that often follows radical breast-cancer surgery. Moderate exercise may ease both physical and emotional symptoms, while improving a patient’s strength and mobility.
In short, complementary therapies can make cancer a less daunting adversary by nurturing hope and improving quality of life. Unlike conventional treatments, which can leave a person feeling passive and helpless, many complementary therapies help patients become active participants in their care. But don’t assume that herbs or guided imagery can take the place of chemotherapy or surgery–and before pursuing complementary treatments, be sure to discuss the risks and benefits with your physician.
